14,796 research outputs found
A Pedagogical Discussion on Neutrino Wave-Packet Evolution
We present a pedagogical discussion on the time evolution of a Gaussian
neutrino wave packet in free space. A common treatment is to keep momentum
terms up to the quadratic order in the expansion of the energy-momentum
relation so that the Fourier transform can be evaluated analytically via
Gaussian integrals. This leads to a solution representing a flat Gaussian
distribution with a constant longitudinal width and a spreading transverse
width, which suggests that special relativity would be violated if the neutrino
wave packet were detected on its edge. However, we demonstrate that by
including terms of higher order in momentum the correct geometry of the wave
packet is restored. The corrected solution has a spherical wave front so that
it complies with special relativity.Comment: submitted to 2013 TAUP Conference Proceeding
Development of multi-functional combine harvester with grain harvesting and straw baling
The decomposition and burning of straw results in serious environmental pollution, and research is needed to improve strategies for straw collection to reduce pollution. This work presents an integrated design of multi-functional rice combine harvester that allows grain harvesting and straw baling. This multi-functional combine harvester could reduce the energy consumption required for rice harvesting and simplify the process of harvesting and baling. The transmission schematic, matching parameters and the rotation speed of threshing cylinder and square baler were designed and checked. Then the evaluation of grain threshing and straw baling were tested on a transverse threshing cylinders device tes rig and straw square bales compression test rig. The test results indicated that, with a feeding rate of 3.0 kg/s, the remaining straw flow rate at the discharge outlet was only 1.22 kg/s, which indicates a variable mass threshing process by the transverse threshing cylinder. Then the optimal diameter, length and rotating speed of multi-functional combine harvester transverse threshing cylinder were 554 mm, 1590 mm, and 850 r/min, respectively. The straw bale compression rotating speed of crank compression slider and piston was 95 r/min. Field trials by the multi-functional combine harvester formed bales with height×width×length of 40×50×54-63 cm, bale mass of 22.5 to 26.0 kg and bale density 206 to 216 kg/m3. This multi-functional combine harvester could be used for stem crops (such as rice, wheat and soybean) grain harvesting and straw square baling, which could reduce labor cost and power consumption
Waiting time distribution of solar energetic particle events modeled with a non-stationary Poisson process
We present a study of the waiting time distributions (WTDs) of solar
energetic particle (SEP) events observed with the spacecraft and .
Both the WTDs of solar electron events (SEEs) and solar proton events (SPEs)
display a power-law tail . The SEEs display a broken
power-law WTD. The power-law index is 0.99 for the short waiting
times (100
hours). The break of the WTD of SEEs is probably due to the modulation of the
corotating interaction regions (CIRs). The power-law index 1.82
is derived for the WTD of SPEs that is consistent with the WTD of type II radio
bursts, indicating a close relationship between the shock wave and the
production of energetic protons. The WTDs of SEP events can be modeled with a
non-stationary Poisson process which was proposed to understand the waiting
time statistics of solar flares (Wheatland 2000; Aschwanden McTiernan
2010). We generalize the method and find that, if the SEP event rate varies as the time distribution of event rate , the time-dependent Poisson distribution
can produce a power-law tail WTD , where .Comment: 10 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ Letter
Logistics Data Exchange for the EDI Customs Clearance System based on XML
Because of the disconnection between the Logistics services trading platform and the EDI customs clearance system, the logistics clearance data needed to be gathered manually, and the efficiency of customs clearance was rather low. In view of this problem, a logistics data exchange method based on the XML technology was proposed, which firstly achieved the batch extraction and conversion of the logistics clearance data that came from the Logistics services trading platform. Then, the data was transferred to the customs broker. Finally, the data was parsed by deserialization and submitted to the EDI customs clearance system automatically. The logistics data exchange method achieved the connection between the logistics services trading platform and the EDI customs clearance system, and raised the efficiency of customs clearance
Holographic Mutual Information of Two Disjoint Spheres
We study quantum corrections to holographic mutual information for two
disjoint spheres at a large separation by using the operator product expansion
of the twist field. In the large separation limit, the holographic mutual
information is vanishing at the semiclassical order, but receive quantum
corrections from the fluctuations. We show that the leading contributions from
the quantum fluctuations take universal forms as suggested from the boundary
CFT. We find the universal behavior for the scalar, the vector, the tensor and
the fermionic fields by treating these fields as free fields propagating in the
fixed background and by using the 1/n prescription. In particular, for the
fields with gauge symmetries, including the massless vector boson and massless
graviton, we find that the gauge parts in the propagators play indispensable
role in reading the leading order corrections to the bulk mutual information.Comment: 37 pages, 1 figure; significant revisions, corrected the discussions
on the computations of the mutual information in CFT, conclusions unchange
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